Psychological Distress Reduction and Caregiver Resilience: The Protective Role of Social Support and Preparedness Among Family Caregivers During Chemotherapy
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Abstract
Background: Family caregivers of cancer patients frequently experience substantial psychological distress while managing complex caregiving responsibilities during chemotherapy. However, considerable variation exists in caregivers’ ability to adapt and maintain psychological well-being. Understanding protective factors that promote resilience is essential for developing effective caregiver support interventions. Objectives To examine the role of social support and caregiving preparedness as protective factors against psychological distress among family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to identify caregiver characteristics associated with resilience. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 594 family caregivers of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in selected tertiary hospitals. Standardized instruments including the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Preparedness for Caregiving Scale (PCS), Need Fulfillment Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used to assess caregiver outcomes. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze relationships between variables. Results Higher levels of perceived social support and caregiving preparedness were associated with significantly lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Caregivers reporting greater support and preparedness demonstrated better psychological adjustment and enhanced resilience. The intervention programme resulted in significant improvements in preparedness, social support, and psychological well-being. Conclusion Social support and caregiving preparedness represent important protective factors that reduce psychological distress and strengthen resilience among family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Nurse-led interventions focused on these domains may improve caregiver outcomes and enhance family-centered cancer care.