Hybrid Grey Wolf–Ant Bee Colony Optimized PI Controller for Enhanced Power Quality in Hybrid Wind–PV–EV Systems to mitigated Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

Abstract

An electric vehicle (EV) control mechanism that might be implemented using a hybrid Grey Wolf-Ant Bee Colony (GWO-ABC) is a grid-connected wind-photovoltaic (PV) system. As the controller of the DFIG-based wind subsystem adjusts the PI gains of the grid-side converter (GSC) and the rotor-side converter (RSC), they collaborate with the PV array through the shared DC link. The tuning criterion aims to minimize a multi-objective cost that incorporates settling time, total harmonic distortion at the point of common connection (THD), and the integral of time-weighted absolute voltage inaccuracy, among other things (ITAE). Scenarios like as renewable ramps, stochastic EV load steps, and single-phase voltage sag are used to test a MATLAB/Simulink model. Across these cases, the proposed GWO–ABC–PI achieves tighter DC-bus regulation with reduced overshoot, maintains near-unity power factor, and lowers grid-current distortion such that PCC voltage THD remains within IEEE 519-2022 limits. Comparative studies versus standalone GWO-PI, ABC-PI, and a PI–ANFIS baseline show faster convergence of tuned gains and improved disturbance rejection without sacrificing the transparency and low computational footprint of PI control. The results indicate that hybrid metaheuristic tuning offers a practical pathway to robust power-quality enhancement in hybrid renewable–EV systems subject to non-linear loads and grid imbalance.