Assessing the Economic Benefits of Climate Change Mitigation and Adoption Strategies for Aquatic Ecosystem

Abstract

One of the biggest concerns of the twenty-first century is climate change, which puts the nation's economic growth, environment, public health, and food security at considerable risk. In addition to cross-border effects and contagion concerns, it has spillover effects across sectors and geographies. Other anthropogenic influences, which can have far more immediate and significant effects, must also be taken into consideration when assessing climate change impacts. Climate change can be influenced by factors such as changes in the Earth’s orbit, mountain building, continental drift, variations in solar radiation, and shifts in greenhouse gas concentrations. Because of their vast mass, some components of the environmental system, such as oceans and ice sheets, respond slowly to climate changes. As a result, the climate system may take centuries or longer to fully react to new external influences. Numerous studies have made assumptions regarding adaptability, biophysical processes, and changes in baseline socioeconomic conditions. Nearly every study reviewed predicted that negative impacts would intensify once the global mean temperature rises by approximately 3 to 4°C. However, the relationship between impacts and global mean temperatures between 0°C and 3°C is not consistently defined. It is evident that even small degrees of temperature change can negatively affect coastal resources.