Extending shelf life of Artemia urmiana during frozen storage using Vitamin E treatment
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Abstract
Artemia is one of the most important live feeds used for feeding larvae and broodstocks of shrimp, marine fish, sturgeon, and ornamental fish species, as it improves larval growth performance, survival, and reproductive efficiency. However, small-scale hatchery centers often need to purchase Artemia products from the market because Artemia hatching and cultivation are time-consuming and require specialized knowledge and equipment. Due to seasonal fluctuations in Artemia production and consumption, along with its high sensitivity and perishability even under frozen storage conditions, quality deterioration frequently occurs during storage.
In the present study, the effect of immersion in vitamin E solutions at concentrations of 0.02%, 0.2%, and 0.4% on the shelf life and quality of Artemia urmiana biomass during frozen storage (-18°C) was investigated. Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), free fatty acid (FFA), pH, proximate composition of Artemia tissue (moisture, protein, fat, and ash), and fatty acid profiles were evaluated in all treatments throughout 8 months of storage.
The results demonstrated that vitamin E at all tested concentrations effectively reduced quality deterioration of Artemia during frozen storage compared with the control samples. Vitamin E-treated samples exhibited improved pH stability, lower TVB-N, PV, TBA, and FFA values, and better preservation of nutritional quality. Furthermore, increasing vitamin E concentration resulted in stronger preservative effects.
In conclusion, the application of vitamin E is recommended as an effective approach for maintaining quality and extending the shelf life of Artemia during frozen storage. Additionally, the transfer of vitamin E to aquatic animals through feeding may provide further beneficial effects on their health and performance.
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