Physiological interpretation of Qur’anic references to birds and their application in improving poultry productivity

Abstract

The Qur'an often talks about birds and their ability to fly, adapt to environmental conditions, communicate, reproduce, and exhibit group behavior. Although these references have been studied in the past by theologians and exegetes, little research has crossed disciplines to consider their possible physiological parallels with modern avian science and the implications for poultry production systems. The present study aims to evaluate certain Qur'anic verses on birds physiologically and their potential to improve poultry production. This study uses a multidisciplinary methodology in the analysis of passages of the Qur’an, the study of ancient and modern exegetical literature, and the synthesis of peer-reviewed discoveries in bird physiology and poultry science. The results suggest that the Qur'anic references to birds thematically correlate with well-known avian physiological systems. References to the environment correspond to mechanisms of thermoregulatory adaptation, and references to flight correspond to musculoskeletal and aerodynamic efficiency. References to behavior and migration are related to neuronal coordination and regulation of circadian rhythms, while references to reproduction are related to hormone modulation and egg development. These physiological systems also similarly affect growth, egg production, feed efficiency, and welfare status in chicken farming. The study concluded that the Qur’anic allusions, though not scientific writings, can be a source for interdisciplinary reflection, if studied within a scientific framework. The use of avian physiological data in chicken production can be used for heat stress management, reproductive optimization, behavior welfare, and precision farming.