Evolution Effectiveness of Clinacanthus nutans against liver cancer in White male rats

Abstract

Background: The carcinogen thiacetamide (TAA) is a potent toxin that damages many tissues through oxidative stress, elevated pro-inflammatory indicators, and apoptosis. On the other hand, Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) have illustrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. Method: The investigation comprised five sets of rats (n = 6): the sham set (regular diet and water), the vehicle set (water was utilized as a solvent), the TAA set (orally 200 mg/kg for 2 weeks), the C. nutans set (orally 10 mg/kg for 2 weeks) and the combination (C. nutans + TAA) set. Serum specimens were analyzed for cytokine and apoptotic proteins release (TNF α, BCL2, CEA, IL-1β, IL 6, TGF-β, 3 Caspase, and MCP-1) and oxidative and anti-oxidative markers (GSH, MDA, SOD, and COX). In addition, serum specimens were analyzed for liver function markers (ALP, AST, ALT, and T-BIL). Results: The findings demonstrated a substantial decrease (p less than 0.05) in GSH, SOD, COX, and BCL2 levels in the TAA set comparison with the C. nutans and combination sets. Conversely, liver enzymes, bilirubin, TNF-α, IL-6, IL 1β, TGF-β, MCP-1, and Caspase 3 levels increased insubstantially (p higher than 0.05) relative to other sets. C. nutans dissolved in water for 2 weeks showed a substantial decrease in liver enzymes and bilirubin, as well as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, TGF-β, MCP-1, and Caspase 3 levels, and a substantial increase (p less than0.05) in GSH, SOD, COX, and BCL2 levels when comparison with the TAA-treated set. Conclusion: C. nutans leaves possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features, which can effectively scavenge free radicals and inhibit tumor growth.