E- and V-Band Millimeter-Wave Technology for High-Capacity Wireless Communications: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements, Challenges, and Point-to-Point Link Planning

Abstract

Telecommunication networks are rapidly evolved with 4G and 5G technologies. This has resulted in data explosion and immensely increased data consumption that require fibre connectivity like data capacity with every base station which is a challenge due to various issues like ROW permission and cost. Traditional frequency bands from 7 GHz to 23 GHz have a very limited spectrum and are capable of providing capacities up to few hundred Mbps only. E and V frequency bands in mmW technology have an enormous spectrum and are capable of providing fibre like capacities wirelessly. This review paper covers over-view, architecture, and application of E and V band technology, step-by-step process to plan a link, gaps in existing research, and scope for further research in future. It analyses the capabilities, limitations, advancements, challenges and performance matrix. A detailed comparison of E and V band with traditional frequency bands is also presented to facilitate the understanding with benefits and risks of mmW technology. Additionally, a step by step link budget and planning for deployment of E band radios in a telecommunication network is covered which is much simpler with novel planning approach. Overall, this review paper is an attempt to provide holistic view about present E and V band mmW technology for high capacities wireless communications point-to-point link and future research prospects to further improve it.