Assessment Of Sustainable Horticultural Practices For Environmental Protection And Ecological Balance

Abstract

Horticultural production systems are vital for food and nutritional security, yet their intensification has raised concerns regarding environmental sustainability. This study assessed horticultural production trends and soil health indicators as proxies for environmental protection and examined their implications for ecological balance in India. A descriptive, secondary data–based approach was adopted using national and state-level production data from Horticultural Statistics at a Glance 2023 and soil health information from the Soil Health Card Scheme Nutrient Dashboard. Descriptive analysis was applied to examine temporal, spatial, and structural patterns. Results indicate a consistent increase in horticultural production, with fruits and vegetables as dominant contributors and marked regional concentration across major producing states. Soil health indicators revealed generally stable conditions, including balanced phosphorus and potassium availability, moderate organic carbon levels, stable soil reaction, and low salinity, alongside persistent nitrogen, zinc, and boron deficiencies. Overall, the findings suggest that horticultural growth in India has occurred with maintained soil chemical stability, supporting environmental protection objectives, while highlighting the need for targeted nutrient management to enhance sustainability outcomes.