International Journal of Aquatic Research and Environmental Studies
The Impact of Evidence-Based Practice on Healthcare Outcomes Across Health Professions
Evidence-based practice (EBP) has become a defining paradigm across the health professions, reshaping how nurses, physicians, pharmacists, rehabilitation therapists, and allied health practitioners make clinical decisions. This paper examines the impact of EBP on healthcare outcomes across professional groups, synthesizing findings on patient safety, quality of care, resource efficiency, and workforce performance. Using Donabedian's structure-process-outcome model as a theoretical anchor, the paper introduces an original integrative model, the EMBED framework (Evidence, Mentorship, Barrier-removal, Evaluation, Dissemination), designed to translate EBP principles into sustainable, cross-disciplinary organizational practice. The analysis is contextualized within the healthcare transformation agenda of Saudi Vision 2030 and the regulatory ecosystem overseen by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS), the Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI), the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), the Nphies claims platform, the Mumaris+ licensing system, and the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC). Findings indicate that EBP adoption is consistently associated with reduced adverse events, shorter length of stay, improved interprofessional collaboration, and stronger patient-reported outcomes, though implementation remains constrained by organizational, educational, and cultural barriers. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for embedding EBP into professional education, licensure, and institutional accreditation processes to accelerate the outcomes envisioned under Vision 2030.
Influence of Aggregate Gradation and Degree of Compaction on Air Voids in Bituminous Concrete Mixes
The amount of air void influences the performance of bituminous mixes. The arrangement of aggregates is instrumental in understanding the framework of air voids. So, it becomes essential to study the particle size distribution of aggregates and compaction effort given in the preparation of the mix. Literature suggests that the aggregate properties, such as size, shape, and strength, have been studied to enhance the amount and distribution of air voids. The aim is to focus on the combined effect of aggregate gradation and compaction effort on the variation of air voids in bituminous concrete mixes. In this study, aggregates from two different sources namely Sheikhpura (Sh) and Mirza Chowki (Mc) is taken into consideration. Samples with varying gradation types were prepared under the same compaction effort and air voids corresponding to the mix of each gradation type were calculated. Now, samples are prepared by varying the compaction effort to each gradation type and air void is calculated. The observation suggests a significant reduction in air voids due to the initial increase in number of blows and this reduction in air void saturates at higher no. of blows and a comparatively lesser amount of air voids is found in denser gradation of aggregates. Mixes prepared with aggregates from Mc had comparatively lesser air voids for similar compaction efforts. The results are attributed to shape of Mc aggregates, due to which it breaks down upon compaction, resulting in a higher proportion of fine particles and reduced air voids for similar compaction efforts.
Network-Level Traffic Signal Coordination Using Field-Calibrated Simulation and Optimisation: A Case Study of Gandhinagar City
Urban traffic networks with mixed vehicle types are often afflicted by poor signal coordination, leading to long delays and longer travel times. In this study, we developed and tested a traffic signal coordination framework at six closely spaced intersections in Gandhinagar, India. We used Passenger Car Unit (PCU)-based demand to model mixed traffic and treated some left-turn movements as free-flow based on field observations. We built a detailed traffic simulation using the SUMO platform and calibrated it against peak-hour data, including traffic volumes, speeds, signal timings, and travel times. We then used a Genetic Algorithm to optimise signal coordination by adjusting cycle lengths, green splits, and offsets across the network. The model matched observed travel times, with average RMSE values of 12 seconds in the morning and 11 seconds in the evening. The optimised strategy cut total network travel time by 33,943 seconds and total control delay by 7,180 seconds, improving performance by 5.42% in the morning and 2.91% in the evening. These results show that combining field-calibrated simulation with evolutionary optimisation can help improve traffic flow in complex urban networks.
A Phytoremediation Approach Using Chrysopogon zizanioides and Eichhornia crassipes for Water Quality Restoration in Tiruchirappalli District, India
Groundwater contamination has emerged as a critical environmental and public health concern in rapidly urbanizing regions of India. This study investigates the effectiveness of two plant based remediation systems, Chrysopogon zizanioides (Vetiver grass) and Eichhornia crassipes (Water hyacinth), for improving water quality in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu. Groundwater samples collected from four locations were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, with Dalmiyapuram and Woraiyur exhibiting the highest contamination levels. Vetiver treatment demonstrated significant reductions in nitrate (97.5%), COD (87.7%), and BOD (54.9%), while Water hyacinth powder achieved exceptional TDS and EC removal (up to 86.2%). FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of carboxyl and carbonyl functional groups responsible for metal binding, while XRD revealed crystalline phases associated with metal containing species. AAS analysis confirmed chromium accumulation (approximately 103 ppm) in the biomass. The Exhausted Water hyacinth biomass with adsorbed heavy metals was safely disposed via controlled landfilling, preventing secondary contamination and completing the sustainable cycle. The study demonstrates that Vetiver excels at biological degradation of organic pollutants through rhizospheric microbial activity, while Water hyacinth functions as an effective physicochemical biosorbent. Both approaches offer cost effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable solutions for decentralized water purification, supporting government initiatives such as Namami Gange, Jal Jeevan Mission, and AMRUT.
Screening of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Against β-Lactams Group of Antibiotics
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has become a major challenge in the effective management of nosocomial infections. The present study focused on the isolation and identification of MDR bacteria collected from the various hospital environments, including surgical ward, maternity unit, toilet, and clinical waste materials. A total of 23 bacterial isolates were obtained from the mix culture as a pure culture. Morphological and biochemical characterization, including IMViC, catalase, and carbohydrate fermentation tests were performed for putative identification of the isolates. Screening was done against selected standard β-lactam antibiotics, including Ampicillin (AMP, 10 µg), Ertapenem (ETP, 10 µg), Cefoxitin (CX, 30 µg), Cefixime (CFM, 5 µg), Ceftriaxone (CTR, 10 µg), Faropenem (FRP, 10 µg), Cefuroxime (CXM, 30 µg), Aztreonam (AT, 30 µg), and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (AMC, 30 µg). Antibiotic susceptibility profiling was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and agar well diffusion methods, which revealed that the majority of the isolates exhibited high levels of resistance to multiple generations of β-lactam antibiotics. Among the 23 isolates, 09 bacterial isolates demonstrated 100% resistance to Amoxicillin, Cefuroxime, Faropenem, and Aztreonam. Furthermore, combination studies employing different antibiotic ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) failed to enhance antibacterial activity, indicating limited therapeutic effectiveness of these combinations. These findings highlight the widespread occurrence of MDR bacteria in hospital environments and emphasize the urgent need for alternative antimicrobial strategies to combat nosocomial infections.
Environmental Awareness Among University Students at King Faisal University: College of Law and Arts - A Statistical Study
This study assessed the level of environmental awareness among students of the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Arts (Geography) at King Faisal University through its cognitive, skill-based, and emotional dimensions. The research examined students’ environmental knowledge, awareness of environmental laws, participation in environmental activities, and concern for environmental issues. It was hypothesized that students would demonstrate a high level of environmental awareness, with Geography students and female students exhibiting higher levels than their counterparts. Data was collected using a questionnaire developed in accordance with King Faisal University’s research ethics guidelines. The instrument measured environmental awareness across three dimensions: cognitive, skill-based, and emotional. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and normality testing indicated that the data did not meet parametric assumptions. Consequently, nonparametric statistical tests were employed, including the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Walli’s test. The findings revealed comparable levels of environmental awareness across the three dimensions, with no statistically significant differences among the cognitive, skill-based, and emotional dimensions. Although Geography students obtained slightly higher mean ranks than Law students, these differences were not statistically significant. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were found according to gender. Overall, the results indicate that students demonstrated similar levels of environmental awareness regardless of academic specialization or gender.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Sustainable Energy-Efficient Design in School Buildings in Urban Areas of Aswan: A Case Study of Fares Village School
This research presents a proposed methodological study for evaluating the effectiveness of sustainable design in school buildings in hot, arid urban areas, using the case study of the Fares Village School in Aswan, designed by the renowned Egyptian architect Hassan Fathy in 1957. The proposed methodology relies on computer simulation using Design Builder V 7.0 software to measure the energy efficiency and thermal performance of the building under the harsh climatic conditions characteristic of Aswan. The research analyzes the school's design features, which rely on natural passive cooling strategies, such as the use of thermal mass in thick mud-brick walls, domes and vaults, an internal courtyard, a natural ventilation system, and the "Salsabil" (water basin) element designed by Fathy for air cooling. This research aims to develop a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of traditional energy conservation methods in educational facilities in the hot climate of Upper Egypt, specifically in Aswan Governorate. The results indicate that the traditional design of the Fares Village School in Aswan Governorate, designed by the architect Hassan Fathy, is highly energy-efficient compared to conventional school designs. Therefore, we conclude that this building represents an innovative and sustainable design that should be documented and preserved to enhance its future performance with minimal intervention. The researcher suggests integrating sustainable passive design techniques, based on traditional architectural designs, into the standards of the General Authority for Educational Buildings. Furthermore, the proposed methodology should be applied on a large scale to evaluate school buildings in various climatic regions of Egypt .
Analyzing the Popularity and Perceived Efficacy of Skill India (2015–2025) among Generation Z
Contemporary Indian politics is increasingly shaped by online activism, influencer-driven communication, and gamified civic engagement. Issue-based mobilisation and analytics-driven messaging have become central to political strategy, with parties and policymakers recalibrating manifestos in response to the sentiments expressed by voters on social media. Political stakeholders have progressively leveraged demographic and gender dividends to further electoral goals — the Ladli Behna Yojana, targeted at women, and the PM Internship Scheme, targeted at youth, both illustrate how public policy has become a deliberate instrument for securing electoral outcomes. Demographic segments, in particular, hold the potential to determine the balance of political power. During the 2019 Lok Sabha election, approximately 84 million citizens voted for the first time; this number grew by close to 25 percent in the 2024 general election. Consequently, first-time voters in the 18–21 age bracket have become a decisive constituency, and political stakeholders — parties, leaders, and policymakers alike — are increasingly shaping their platforms around youth aspirations. Skill India, a flagship policy conceived to bridge India's skills gap, exemplifies this alignment between welfare policy and youth aspiration. The initiative completed a decade of implementation in 2025. It seeks to instil employable skills across three population segments: individuals entering the workforce for the first time, those already employed in the organised sector, and those engaged in the unorganised sector. The Mission was launched with the ambitious target of imparting skill training to 500 million people by 2022. Beyond assessing the popularity and perceived efficacy of Skill India, the present study also examines the policy as a vehicle of political ambition in relation to the first-time voter. Because Skill India operates centrally within the 18–22 age segment, its visibility and credibility among first-time voters assumes particular significance. Employing a structured survey administered to undergraduate, postgraduate, and research students at a private university in the National Capital Region, this study investigates the extent to which first-time voters are aware of the Skill India Mission, how they perceive its efficacy, and whether such perceptions are likely to influence electoral behaviour. The findings indicate a moderate level of awareness coupled with a fair, if qualified, perception of policy efficacy. Respondents overwhelmingly indicated that their voting decisions would be shaped by tangible policy outcomes rather than by the sophistication of policy communication, underscoring a generational preference for substantive delivery over symbolic messaging.
Multi-Objective Fuzzy Optimization for Energy, Carbon, and SLA Efficiency in Cloud Computing
The fast development of cloud computing has contributed to the great proliferation of datacenters across the planet, which means the gluttonous use of electricity and releasing more carbon dioxide. These do not only increase the cost of operations but also promote degradation of the environment in the global environment. Ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) and ensuring energy efficiency in a cloud service environment is a significant challenge to cloud service providers. This is a multi-objective optimization problem whose objectives are conflicting in that minimization of energy consumption, minimization of carbon footprint, and performance of the SLA will not be achieved simultaneously. This study suggests a multi-objective fuzzy optimization model, which can be used to balance the energy use, carbon emission, and SLA efficiency in dynamic cloud system environments in an intelligent manner. The framework incorporates a fuzzy inference system (FIS) to control the uncertainty and vagueness of workload changes, server usage, and the environment conditions. The system calculates the trade-offs of the energy, carbon and the SLA parameters in real time based on the fuzzy rules and membership functions. A hybrid metaheuristic optimizer with the ability to execute a global search and a local search is then applied on the fuzzy result to determine the best virtual machine placement and task scheduling techniques. The proposed model is rather dynamic in regards to the different workloads and thermal conditions, unlike the more traditional methods used, which are based on a predetermined set of deterministic thresholds, which guarantee sustainable resource distribution. The framework will help to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions and decrease the violations of SLA considerably by integrating smart decision-making and multi-objective balancing. The study helps in the development of green and sustainable cloud computing, as it provides an adaptable, versatile, and green optimization model that can be used in present-day datacenter operations.
Comparison of Prognostic Scales in Management of Mild Cases of Traumatic Brain Injury (Gcs-15-13)
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and reliable bedside prognostic tools remain essential for early risk stratification, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study compared the predictive performance of four prognostic scales - the Madras Head Injury Prognostic Scale (MHIPS), the Edinburgh Prognostic Model, the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Prediction Score, and the Injury Severity Score (ISS) - in patients presenting with traumatic brain injury. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Gujarat, India, over a period of one and a half years, and enrolled 50 patients presenting with traumatic brain injury and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15 at admission. Clinical, radiological and systemic parameters were recorded, and the four prognostic scales were calculated for each patient. Sensitivity, specificity and the association between prognostic score category and clinical outcome (discharge versus death) were analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients was 39.6 ± 11.9 years, with a male predominance (58%). Mean scores were MHIPS 17.42 ± 15.6, Edinburgh Prognostic Model 4.14 ± 1.29, NIMHANS Prediction Score 1.88 ± 0.8, and ISS 37.36 ± 21.75. Mortality was significantly higher among patients scoring below 50 points on the combined prognostic assessment (9/27, 33.3%) compared with those scoring above 50 points (2/23, 8.7%; p=0.036). The NIMHANS Prediction Score showed the highest sensitivity (87.4%), while the Edinburgh Prognostic Model showed the highest specificity (92.3%). Overall, 39 patients (78%) were discharged and 11 (22%) died. Conclusions: The NIMHANS Prediction Score and the Edinburgh Prognostic Model showed the best sensitivity and specificity, respectively, among the scales evaluated. Bedside prognostic scoring remains a valuable, low-cost method for early outcome prediction in traumatic brain injury, and future research should explore integration of these scales with emerging biomarker- and imaging-based prognostic tools.
Communication and Teamwork in Healthcare: Key Factors for High-Quality Patient Care
Effective communication and cohesive teamwork are foundational determinants of safe, high-quality patient care, yet communication failures remain among the most frequently cited contributing causes of sentinel events and adverse outcomes worldwide. This paper examines the theoretical and empirical foundations of interprofessional communication and teamwork in healthcare settings, drawing on Donabedian's structure-process-outcome model, Reason's Swiss cheese model of error causation, the Team STEPPS framework, and the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) competency domains. The paper situates these concepts within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 healthcare transformation agenda and its regulatory architecture, including the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS), the Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI), the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), the Nphies claims and eligibility platform, and the Mumaris+ professional registration system. Building on this foundation, the paper proposes the BRIDGE framework—Briefings, Respect, Information-sharing, Debriefing, Goal-alignment, and Escalation—as an integrative model for strengthening communication and teamwork at the point of care. Barriers to implementation, including hierarchical culture, workforce diversity and language variation, workload pressures, and fragmented documentation systems, are examined alongside evidence-based strategies for improvement. The paper concludes that sustained investment in structured communication tools, psychological safety, and interprofessional training is essential to achieving the quality and safety outcomes envisioned under Saudi Arabia's healthcare transformation program
Translating Educational Vision into Practice: Implementation Challenges and Strategic Interventions in Women’s Higher Education in Madhya Pradesh
Empowering women through education remains a vital factor in achieving inclusive and sustainable development. This study explores how Saint Chavara’s educational philosophy is implemented in higher education institutions in Madhya Pradesh and evaluates its role in empowering women through value-based practices. The research uses data from 134 respondents, applying descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis to examine the connection between institutional practices and empowerment outcomes. The results show that while institutions strongly focus on value-based education at the conceptual level, the link between institutional alignment and empowerment remains moderate. Among the factors studied, financial support and value-driven actions have a stronger impact, while other institutional methods show less influence. The study highlights that the success of such educational ideas depends not just on how they are presented, but on how effectively they are implemented in a structured and measurable way. It concludes that well-organized institutional strategies are necessary to turn educational goals into real and lasting outcomes for women empowerment.
Navigating Infertility Caused by PCOD: Myths, Facts, Clinical Solutions, and the Ayurvedic Perspective
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders affecting women of reproductive age and represents a major cause of anovulatory infertility worldwide. The disorder is characterized by menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, obesity, chronic anovulation, and infertility. Contemporary management focuses primarily on hormonal regulation, insulin sensitizers, and ovulation induction, which often provide symptomatic relief but are associated with recurrence and adverse effects. In Ayurveda, PCOD is treated as Rasa Medo Dhatu Vikara and must be controlled. This ailment and a few others in Ayurveda, including Yoni Vyapad, Puspghani Jataharini, Nashtartav, and Aartavadushti, share several characteristics. In Ayurveda, the specific or precise illness is not explained. It involves a Dosha, Dhatu, and Updhatu imbalance, which means that various variables operating at various levels are implicated. Therefore, following Dincharya & Ritucharya, Nidaan-Parivarjana, Samshodhana Aaganeya, & Artavajanan Dravyas is a potential course of treatment. With the use of different Ayurvedic herbal and mineral formulations, Panchakarma, together with dietary and lifestyle changes, we can design Ayurvedic treatment.
Cultural Tourism and Its Socio-Economic Impact: A Case Study of Gorakhpur Division
This study follows a quantitative cross-sectional design to examine the effects of tourism on local communities in Gorakhpur Division. Data were collected from residents through a structured survey covering employment opportunities, household income, infrastructure improvement, pollution, habitat degradation and congestion. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression were used to examine the relationships between these factors and overall community satisfaction. The results show that improved infrastructure, wider employment opportunities and higher household income are associated with more positive views of tourism. Pollution, congestion and habitat degradation show the opposite relationship and reduce residents’ satisfaction. These effects do not occur separately. Economic and infrastructural benefits tend to reinforce one another, while environmental problems are also closely connected. Tourism management in the region should therefore consider both sides of this relationship. Employment and local economic activity remain important reasons for supporting tourism development. However, congestion, pollution, and pressure on local resources may continue to weaken their effect. The results indicate that tourism planning should not focus only on visitor growth and income generation. Attention must also focus on the environmental and social conditions in which tourism develops, particularly where these conditions directly affect the resident community.
Climate Risk, Agricultural Productivity and Bank Non-Performing Assets: A District-Level Comparative Study of Pune and Satara Districts, Maharashtra
Climate change is a problem that affects farming and the economy in many countries. In Maharashtra the weather is getting harder to predict. This is hurting farmers. They are not getting much rain as they need and when they do it is too much. The temperature is also. This is making it hard for farmers to grow crops. This means they are not making much money and they are having trouble paying back their loans. This is a problem for banks because they are not getting their money back. This study looks at how climate change affects farming and banking in two areas of Maharashtra: Pune and Satara. Pune has a varied farming economy and better access to water and markets. Satara on the hand relies more on rain and is more affected by climate change. The study uses a combination of surveys, interviews and data from government agencies to understand the relationship between climate change, farming and banking. The study uses statistics and other methods to see how climate change affects farming and banking. It wants to know if climate change reduces farming productivity hurts farmers income and makes it more likely that they will default on their loans. The study also looks at whether things like irrigation, crop diversification and credit support can help reduce the impact of climate change on farming and banking. The study hopes to show that climate change has an impact on farming and banking. It recommends that farmers use practices that're more resilient to climate change that crop insurance be expanded and that irrigation infrastructure be improved. The study also suggests that banks take climate change into account when giving loans to farmers. By looking at the relationship between climate change, farming and banking this study contributes to the discussion on how to manage climate risk and promote development in rural areas. * The impact of climate change on farming is a problem * Climate change affects farming productivity and bank loans * Farmers need help to deal with climate change * Banks need to take climate change into account when giving loans * Climate change affects development and sustainability The study of climate change and its impact on farming and banking is important. Climate change is affecting Climate Risk and Agricultural Productivity. This is a problem for farmers and banks. The study looks at Climate Risk and Agricultural Productivity in Pune and Satara. It uses data from the Reserve Bank of India and other government agencies. The study finds that Climate Risk affects Agricultural Productivity and bank loans. It recommends that farmers use Agriculture practices and that banks take Climate Risk into account when giving loans. This will help reduce NonPerforming Assets (NPAs) and promote Rural Banking and Sustainable Agriculture. Climate change is affecting farming and banking in ways. Climate Risk is a problem for farmers and banks. The study looks at the impact of Climate Risk, on Agricultural Productivity and bank loans. It finds that Climate Risk reduces Agricultural Productivity and hurts farmers income. This makes it harder for farmers to pay back their loans. The study recommends that farmers use Climate Change practices and that banks take Climate Risk into account when giving loans. This will help promote Agriculture and reduce Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) in Rural Banking.
Alters Reproductive Hormones and Calcium Homeostasis in Cyprinus carpio Exposed to Varied Spectral Exposure
Light spectra exert profound influence on fish physiology, behaviours, and development, shaping processes that extend from circadian regulation to growth and reproduction. The present study investigated the effects of chromatic light on the reproductive axis and calcium metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Following acclimatization, fish were divided into five groups: white light as control, and red, green, yellow, and blue light treatments, maintained under a 12:12 light–dark cycle for 120 days. Reproductive status was assessed through ovarian weight, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and follicular kinetics, while circulating reproductive hormones and serum Ca²⁺ levels were analyzed. Results demonstrated wavelength-specific modulation of endocrine and reproductive parameters. Yellow light significantly elevated FSH and induced maximal GSI, primarily due to previtellogenic follicle accumulation, suggesting enhanced follicle recruitment. Green light increased LH and progesterone, but produced the lowest GSI with maximal follicular atresia, indicating enhanced luteinization. Red light suppressed estradiol and vitellogenesis, reducing vitellogenic follicles. Blue light elevated progesterone while maintaining moderate GSI and balanced follicular development. Collectively, these findings highlight the profound role of spectral manipulation in regulating reproductive endocrinology and ovarian dynamics. Chromatic light regimes may serve as a practical, non-invasive strategy to optimize brood stock management and improve reproductive performance in aquaculture.
A Venture Capital-Centric Hybrid Machine Learning Framework for Predicting Startup Success in the Us Ecosystem
Venture capitalists facilitate the acquisition of funding for projects, ventures, or causes by aggregating contributions from a substantial pool of investors. This approach enhances the accessibility of financial resources, empowering creators with direct oversight of their funding, devoid of intermediaries such as financial institutions. The adoption of this funding model encourages innovation, bolsters local enterprises, and enables the realization of novel ideas that traditionally struggle to secure financing through conventional methods. By employing an extensive dataset encompassing funding details, feasibility assessments, networking opportunities, and geographical data pertaining to numerous startups, we advance to the stages of analysis and feature engineering, conducting exploratory analysis to discern the various determinants of success. Models were developed using Gradient Boosting, Ada Boost, XGBoost, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest and Light Gradient Boosting Machine. This research work also elucidates significant factors that influence organizational performance and entrepreneurial success, thereby offering stakeholders an innovative perspective on strategic investment management.
Genetic Programming for Amphibian Presence Prediction to Support Sustainable Land-Use Planning
The application of artificial intelligence-based techniques in spatial planning provides a low-cost and time-saving solution to extensive ecological field surveys. One spatial task is to predict the presence of various amphibian species while planning roads and bridges. At the place of fieldwork, we may use satellite imagery data to extract various features and then use these features to predict the presence of amphibians. Amphibians data set, available on the UCI repository, contains the features, created from satellite imagery and information collected from the inventories of two road projects in Poland. The objective is to forecast the presence of amphibians by utilizing these features. This work proposes a genetic programming-based approach for predicting amphibian species based on features generated from satellite imagery data. Experimental evaluation shows that the proposed method achieves better performance than SVM, standard GP, and existing literature across key metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Furthermore, accurate amphibian-presence prediction can assist agricultural planners and environmental authorities in minimizing ecological disturbances during rural infrastructure development, contributing to sustainable land-use planning and biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes.
Digital Transformation of Informal Recurring- Revenue Meal Services: The Design and Analytical Evaluation of a Two-Sided Subscription Marketplace
The unorganized mess, tiffin, and home-kitchen sector serve tens of millions of Indian students, coaching aspirants, and urban migrants, yet remains almost entirely outside formal digital commerce. Existing food technology platforms are designed for single-order, on-demand delivery and do not address the recurring, subscription-based nature of daily meal arrangements. This paper applies Design Science Research (DSR) to specify and analytically evaluate "MessConnect", a proposed two-sided digital-platform artefact designed to formalize this segment through verified vendor discovery, attendance-linked subscription billing, cashless payments, and a WhatsApp-first interface for low-digital-literacy vendors. Following the six- phase DSR process model of Peffers, Tuunanen, Rothenberger, and Chatterjee (2007), the paper documents problem identification, solution objectives, artefact design (including use- case, entity-relationship, sequence, wireframe, and workflow diagrams), and an analytical (expert-review and literature-grounded) evaluation of the proposed platform, business model, and technology architecture, situating the design within two-sided market, informal-sector- digitization, and technology-acceptance literature. The paper's scholarly contribution is fourfold: (i) a structured comparative positioning of the artefact against existing single-order food-delivery platforms, subscription-box models, and hostel/PG aggregators; (ii) a conceptual research model linking the artefact's design constructs to adoption and retention outcomes; (iii) three testable propositions and a fully specified empirical validation protocol; and (iv) four design principles (DP1–DP4), a recognized form of generalizable DSR knowledge, distilled from the analytical evaluation for application beyond this single case. Consistent with DSR reporting norms, the paper explicitly distinguishes the analytical evaluation reported here from the empirical (field) evaluation that remains to be conducted, and presents no primary survey, interview, or transaction data as already collected.
A Comparative Study of Social Media and Data Privacy of Minor in India and Australia
Social media has become an important space for education, expression, friendship and entertainment, yet its business model frequently depends upon the continuous collection and analysis of user data. Children are especially vulnerable because they may disclose personal information without understanding how long it will remain available, how it may be combined with other data, or how recommendation and advertising systems influence their choices. This paper comparatively examines the protection of minors’ personal data on social media in India and Australia. It adopts a doctrinal and comparative method and studies the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 and Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 in India, together with Australia’s Privacy Act 1988, Online Safety Act 2021, Social Media Minimum Age scheme and proposed Children’s Online Privacy Code. The study finds that India has chosen a broad, parental-consent model covering every person below eighteen, coupled with prohibitions on detrimental processing, behavioural monitoring and targeted advertising. However, the principal child-data obligations are subject to phased commencement and are not yet operative as at the date of this paper. Australia presently combines general privacy principles with an operational platform duty to prevent under-sixteen users from holding accounts on age restricted social media platforms. Its model gives particular attention to privacy-preserving age assurance and is moving towards a detailed, child-centred online privacy code. The paper argues that neither access restriction nor parental consent alone is sufficient. Effective protection requires data minimisation, child-friendly transparency, limits on profiling, independent supervision, accessible remedies and meaningful recognition of the evolving capacities of adolescents.
A Comprehensive Study of Artificial Intelligence Adoption and Its Impact on Workforce Outcomes, Employability, and Professional Competencies among IT Professionals
Artificial intelligence is increasingly embedded in the work processes of IT professionals, reshaping how work is organised and experienced. While AI adoption is often associated with efficiency and productivity gains, its influence on workforce outcomes remains uneven and insufficiently examined at the individual level. This study empirically examines the impact of AI-enabled work on workforce outcomes among IT professionals using a regression-based analytical approach. Primary data were collected from 275 IT professionals through a structured questionnaire, and multiple regression analysis was employed to assess the combined influence of workforce-related factors on overall workforce outcomes. The results reveal that the regression model explains a substantial proportion of variance in workforce outcomes, indicating strong predictive capacity. Work-life balance and career adaptability confidence emerge as the most significant determinants of workforce outcomes, highlighting the importance of well-being and adaptability in AI-driven work environments. Career growth opportunities show a positive influence, while factors related to workload intensity, autonomy, and learning pressure present challenges. The study confirms that artificial intelligence adoption has a statistically significant impact on workforce outcomes among IT professionals. The findings suggest that the effects of AI depend largely on how work is designed, managed, and supported within organisations. The study offers empirical evidence to support workforce-centred AI adoption strategies and contributes to informed managerial and policy decision making.
Unveiling the Allelopathic Potential of Cornulaca Monacantha Del.: Phytochemical Profiling and Bioherbicidal Activity Against Chenopodium Murale
This study investigates the herbicidal potential of Cornulaca monacantha Del., a halophytic plant, against the weed Chenopodium murale, alongside comprehensive phytochemical profiling and antioxidant activity evaluation. Methanolic extracts of C. monacantha were subjected to quantitative phytochemical analysis, revealing high concentrations of total phenolics (46.3 mg GAE /g DE) and flavonoids (44.15 mg QE /g DE), with significantly lower alkaloid content (7.38 mg NE/g DE). LC-MS analysis identified p-Coumaric acid as the predominant compound (91.32%) in the 20% methanol fraction, with its relative abundance decreasing as methanol concentration increased. Bioherbicide assays demonstrated remarkable efficacy, with the crude extract and 20% methanol fraction achieving complete (100%) inhibition of C. murale, comparable to a commercial synthetic herbicide. The extract also exhibited significant antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 10.498 mg/mL) in the DPPH assay, though less potent than ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ = 0.265 mg/mL). These findings strongly correlate the phytotoxic activity of C. monacantha with its high phenolic content, particularly p-Coumaric acid. The study concludes that C. monacantha represents a promising source of natural herbicides, warranting further investigation into the isolation of active compounds and field-scale validation for integrated weed management strategies.
Morphological Variability and Socio-Economic Roles of Moringa Oleifera in Hyper-Arid Environment (Adrar: Algerian Sahara Desert)
The introduction of Moringa oleifera Lam. in hyper-arid regions of Algeria was assessed through morphological, nursery, and socio-economic studies in Adrar Province. Field data showed high germination (95%) and good seedling growth, confirming adaptability to extreme conditions. Morphological traits of mature trees revealed strong variability, suggesting genetic diversity. A survey of 30 respondents indicated multiple uses: medicinal (100%), nutritional (43%), cosmetic (23%), and fodder (minor). Principal Component Analysis highlighted that older farmers dominate cultivation, while younger respondents focus on marketing. Overall, M. oleifera demonstrates ecological adaptation and socio-economic potential as a multi-purpose species for food security, health, and rural livelihoods in Saharan Algeria.
Policy, Technology, and Equity: Reimagining India’s Multilingual Development Agenda
Linguistic diversity is increasingly framed in global sustainability debates as more than a marker of cultural heritage; it functions as social and cognitive infrastructure for inclusive development. This paper examines multilingualism in India as a test case for what is termed here “linguistic sustainability” — a society’s capacity to keep many languages functionally alive across generations while simultaneously pursuing economic and technological modernization. India’s linguistic landscape, home to well over a thousand mother tongues and governed by a layered and often contested policy architecture, offers an unusually rich setting for this inquiry. The paper connects the mother-tongue provisions of India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with particular emphasis on SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), while also tracing linkages to SDGs 11, 13, and 16. Using a qualitative, document-based methodology, the study examines how indigenous languages preserve traditional ecological knowledge relevant to environmental sustainability, and how artificial-intelligence-enabled translation and localized digital content are reshaping access for rural and marginalized communities. The analysis concludes that nurturing linguistic diversity is not a matter of cultural conservation alone but an economic and developmental imperative for the Global South, and it proposes a set of policy interventions for embedding language more firmly within India’s development planning.
Land Use Change and Groundwater-Based Irrigation Dynamics in the Hyderabad-Karnataka (Kalyana Karnataka) Region: A Case Study of Bidar District
Background: Land use change and groundwater depletion are among the principal environmental pressures affecting semi-arid regions of peninsular India, including the Hyderabad-Karnataka (HK) region. Bidar district, situated within this region, has experienced concurrent shifts in agricultural, forest, and fallow land categories alongside changing groundwater extraction patterns over the past two decades. Objectives: This study characterises spatial and temporal changes in land use/land cover (LULC) categories in Bidar district across three time points (2005-06, 2018-19, 2020-23) and evaluates groundwater-dependent irrigation dynamics and farm-pond-based water conservation outcomes in the Gamanagatti micro-watershed. Methods: Secondary LULC data were compiled from official taluk-level agricultural statistics and analysed using descriptive statistical methods (percentages and means). Groundwater and bore-well records for the Gamanagatti micro-watershed were compiled for the period 1975-2023. Farm-pond economic outcomes were assessed via cost-of cultivation and benefit-cost (B:C) ratio analysis before and after intervention. Results: Forest land use remained essentially stable across the study period (~43,000 ha, 7.9-8.0% of district area). Non-agricultural, fallow, and current-fallow land categories increased substantially between 2005-06 and 2020-23, while barren/uncultivable land declined. Farm pond implementation was associated with higher benefit-cost ratios across all crop seasons studied. Conclusion: Bidar district shows a clear shift away from marginal/barren land categories toward non-agricultural and fallow land uses over the study period, alongside evidence that farm-pond-based water conservation improves on farm economic returns. These findings support the case for integrating land-use monitoring with groundwater management in regional planning.
Phytochemical and Pharmacognostic Study of Hydrocotyle Verticillata Thunb
Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Is a shady creeping medicinal herb and commonly used for fever, wounds, colds, cough, sore throat, headaches, and urinary tracts problems. So the present study is focused on phytochemical and pharmacognostic study of Hydrocotyle verticillata. The whole plant subjected to the phytochemical analysis by using standard protocol. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of protein, carbohydrates, lipid, tannin, saponin, alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, and streroids. In this study to evaluate the nutraceutical properties and pharamacognostic studies of Hydrocotyle verticillata. Parameters such as organoleptic study, extractive value, ash value, fluorescence analysis, macro and microscopic characters, were carried out by using the standard method. The present work may surve a base for further pharmacological activity and molecular work on Hydrocotyle verticillata
Photoperiod-Mediated Synchronization of Reproductive Hormones, Follicular Development and Calcium Homeostasis in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Photoperiod is a major environmental regulator of biological rhythms and reproductive processes in teleost fishes. The present study evaluates the effects of altered light–dark regimes on neuroendocrine activity, ovarian development, and calcium homeostasis in the Indian major carp Cyprinus carpio. Adult fish were maintained for 120 days under five photoperiodic conditions: control (L12:D12), long photoperiod (L16:D8), short photoperiod (L6:D18), constant light (LL), and constant darkness (DD). Circulating levels of estradiol, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and growth hormone (GH) were assessed in relation to gonadosomatic index (GSI), ovarian follicular dynamics, and plasma calcium levels. Fish exposed to the long photoperiod (L16:D8) exhibited significantly elevated estradiol and progesterone levels, increased GSI, and a higher proportion of vitellogenic follicles, indicating enhanced ovarian maturation and reproductive activity. In contrast, short photoperiod and continuous darkness resulted in suppressed gonadotropin secretion, reduced GSI, and increased follicular atresia, reflecting inhibition of the reproductive axis. Constant light and constant darkness disrupted endocrine balance and reproductive homeostasis, suggesting circadian desynchronization under extreme photic conditions. Variations in plasma calcium levels across photoperiod treatments further highlight the association between light regulation, endocrine function, and mineral metabolism. These findings demonstrate that appropriate photoperiod manipulation, particularly long-day regimes, can effectively enhance reproductive performance in C. carpio. The study provides practical insights for the application of chronobiological principles in aquaculture to improve broodstock management and breeding efficiency.
Evaluation of Bioessential Transition Metal Complexes of β-diketonate derivatives as Promising Anticancer Chemotherapeutics
This study explored the antitumor potential of two cobalt(II) β-diketonate complexes: Co(phen)₂(acac)₂ (C1) and Co(dpq)₂(acac)₂ (C2). Their antiproliferative activities were tested on human cancer cell lines A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and SK-OV-3 (ovarian carcinoma) using the MTT assay, comparing results to cisplatin as a benchmark. C2 exhibited superior antiproliferative effects, with IC₅₀ values between 2.1 to 4.5 µM for cancer cells after 24 hours, while C1 showed values of 3.8 to 10.155 µM, both surpassing cisplatin's IC₅₀ of 15.044-67.694 µM. Morphological assessments, including crystal violet and AO/PI staining, alongside DNA laddering and clonogenic assays, confirmed the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation. C2 was minimally toxic to normal Vero cells (IC₅₀ ≈ 98 µM), whereas C1 had moderate toxicity (IC₅₀ ≈ 50 µM), both less than cisplatin (17.523 µM). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that C2 caused S-phase cell cycle arrest. In vivo studies in female Swiss albino mice showed that C2 treatment yielded no significant systemic toxicity in hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations. Overall, C2 demonstrates promising anticancer activity in vitro with high selectivity for cancer cells and favorable in vivo tolerability, suggesting its potential as a safe anticancer candidate with minimal adverse effects.
Sacred Waters, Shared Responsibility: A Cultural Studies Analysis of the Ganga and Aquatic Environmental Sustainability
The Ganga (Ganges) river occupies a singular position among the world's waterways: it is simultaneously one of the most heavily used freshwater systems on Earth and one of the most intensely sacralized. This paper undertakes a cultural studies analysis of that duality, asking how the cultural and religious construction of the Ganga as a living goddess shapes, enables, and complicates efforts toward aquatic environmental sustainability. Drawing on theoretical resources from the anthropology of religion, political ecology, and science and technology studies, the paper first traces the textual and ritual construction of Ganga's sacrality across Puranic mythology, pilgrimage practice, and everyday devotional life. It then examines the documented environmental consequences; both regenerative and degrading; of mass ritual practice, drawing on water-quality data from the Central Pollution Control Board, the 2025 Maha Kumbh Mela, and the Namami Gange Programme's decade of implementation. The paper argues against two equally reductive positions: the romantic view that sacrality alone guarantees ecological care, and the secular-technocratic view that culture and religion are obstacles to be managed or bypassed by engineering solutions. Instead, it develops a framework for understanding religious institutions, ritual calendars, and sacred narrative as potential infrastructures of environmental governance, provided that cultural mobilization is integrated with, rather than substituted for, robust wastewater treatment, industrial regulation, and hydrological management. The paper concludes with policy-relevant reflections on how cultural narratives might be responsibly mobilized for sustainable water management in India and, by extension, in other contexts where rivers carry deep cultural and cosmological significance.
Determinants Influencing the Choice of B. Voc Courses over Conventional Online Degree Programmes among Students in Delhi NCR
Background: Bachelor of Vocation (B.Voc) programs have become skill-based alternatives to the traditional online degree programmes in the vibrant field of higher-education, in India. These courses are driven by the University Grants Commission (UGC) in 2013 as part of the XII Five-Year Plan and are more practice-focused and industry-oriented than the theoretical orientation of online degrees, which have become popular after the pandemic. Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors that affect the students to choose B.Voc courses over the traditional online degree programmes among the students in Delhi NCR. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was adopted, and primary data were gathered using a structured questionnaire based on Likert scale and distributed to students in 2025. Sampling was conducted through convenience sampling to ensure that they have recruited at least 10 participants who are conscious of both B.Voc and conventional online degree programmes. The data obtained were analysed with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics (version 26) by means of the descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis to check the determinants affecting the programme choice behaviour. Results: The study finds that students prefer B.Voc programmes due to their practical and industry-oriented approach. Significant differences were observed in career (p < 0.001) and economic factors (p < 0.05), with higher scores for B.Voc. Employability shows a strong positive impact on programme choice, while flexibility has a negative influence. Age is the only demographic variable significantly associated with programme selection. Conclusion: The study concludes that employability is the key determinant influencing students’ preference for B.Voc programmes. Students prioritize practical skills and career outcomes over flexibility, indicating a shift towards skill based education. Strengthening vocational education can enhance its adoption among students.