Abstract

A healthy economy and the multifaceted growth of society depend on access to clean, safe water. Rapid population growth, growing industrialization, urbanization, and widespread agricultural activities have led to the production of wastewater that has made the water not only contaminated or lethal, but also dirty or polluted. Every year, millions of people pass away from diseases spread by drinking water tainted with harmful microorganisms. Although many different approaches to wastewater treatment have been researched over the past few decades, their application is constrained by a number of factors, such as the need for chemicals, the production of disinfection by-products (DBPs), the length of the process, and the cost. In order to create new structures, devices, and systems with superior electronic, optical, magnetic, conductive, and mechanical properties, nanotechnology, which involves manipulating matter at the molecular or atomic level, is becoming more and more popular. This promising technology has accomplished amazing feats in a number of industries, including wastewater treatment. Nanomaterials are well suited for use in wastewater treatment because of their high surface to volume ratio, high sensitivity and reactivity, high adsorption capacity, and simplicity of functionalization. The methods being explored for wastewater treatment utilizing nanotechnology have been discussed in this article and are based on adsorption and biosorption, nano-filtration, photocatalysis, disinfection, and sensor technologies. The fate of the nanoparticles in wastewater treatment and the dangers of their use are also highlighted in this review. The present study carried by Evaluation of various physico-chemical parameters of shrimp farm and hatchery effluents such as alkalinity, electrical conductivity, total hardness, total suspended solids, total ammonia, BOD, COD, was done before and after treatments in laboratory scale. From the results of the present investigations chitosan and chitosan TPP nanoparticles showed good coagulating properties, and has many advantages compared to chemical coagulants and does not affect the pH, alkalinity or conductivity of the water. Further multifunctional environmentally friendly chitosan should play a larger role in the recycling of aquaculture wastewater.

Keywords: Aquafarm wastewater, Hatchery wastewater, Chitosan, Chitosan TPP nanoparticles, Physico chemical parameters