Abstract

The dual effects of climate change and overfishing are increasingly posing a sustainable challenge to fisheries management, destabilizing marine biodiversity, food systems, and the livelihoods of coastal communities. Climate change is altering ocean temperatures, currents, and acidity, which may change the distribution and timing of reproduction and the ecosystem. Similarly, overfishing has caused the depletion of significant fish stocks and the loss of genetic diversity, and has disturbed trophic and ecological structure and resiliency. These related and intersecting problems can be addressed by shifting ecosystem-based fisheries management to integrate research, stakeholder development, and policy innovation. This will require strategies such as dynamic quota systems, marine protected areas, community fisheries co-management, and consideration of climate projections for marine ecosystems in fisheries models to maintain ecological balance and ensure long-term productivity for those relying on marine resources. Remote sensing, data analytics, and genetic monitoring are also technological tools that can help modernize monitoring and enforcement. Conclusively, sustainable fisheries in a changing climate will be possible only through global dedication to governance, production, and consumption processes that foster equity and the recovery of ocean health. By aligning conservation objectives with the needs of the socio-economic sector, it will be possible to have fisheries management geared towards a resilient, climate-adaptive future that safeguards the marine environment for generations to come.

Keywords: Sustainability, Fisheries management, Climate change, Overfishing, ecosystem resilience, Marine biodiversity, Adaptive strategies