[Home ] [Archive]    
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
Indexing and Abstracting::
Articles archive::
For Authors::
For Reviewers::
Registration::
Contact us::
Site Facilities::
Publication Ethics::
Articles in Press::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
:: Volume 3, Issue 1 (5-2023) ::
injoere 2023, 3(1): 91-99 Back to browse issues page
Detection of Norovirus in warm water and cold-water fish culture pools
M. Zandi * , H. Pourtaghi
Abstract:   (350 Views)
The contamination of fish with enteric pathogens like norovirus are risky to human health. Among 120 enteric viruses have been found in sewage, norovirus are the most common foodborne and waterborne viruses. There is a few information about norovirus contamination in fish culture pools and seafood in Iran. Therefore, the goal of this study was detection of contamination of fish in warm water and cold-water fish pools in Gillan province by using RT-PCR method. A total of 50 fish, were collected from 20 fish pools in Gillan province in Iran, during April to July 2020. Ten samples from ten rainbow trout pools and forty samples from ten warmwater fish pools (grass, bighead, silver and common carps) were collected. Amplification of 320 bp PCR product showed the presence of norovirus in collected samples. Three sample (6%) founded be contaminated with norovirus. One of positive samples were from rainbow trout that is cold water fish and the two other positive samples were from silver carp and common carp that both of them are warm water fish. The two warm water fish were from different pools in which the source of water entered to these pools was different. Although norovirus is the most common and environmentally stable food born viruses and considering low infectious dose of these viruses, detection of norovirus in water and seafood like fish are very important. The primer pair that were used in current study were specific to detect norovirus in human clinical specimens. So, all positive samples that were reported in current study contained strains that can infect human. This fact shows hazards for human health and needs further studies.
 
Keywords: Detection, Fish pool, Gillan province, Iran, Norovirus
Full-Text [PDF 199 kb]   (148 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Pollution
Received: 2023/05/31 | Accepted: 2023/11/1 | Published: 2023/11/1
References
1. Ai, J., Zhang, M., Jin, F. and Xie, Z., 2021. Recombinant GII.4[P31] Was Predominant Norovirus Circulating in Beijing Area, China, 2018–2020. Virologica Sinica, doi.org/10.1007/s12250-021-00381-z.
2. Amroabadi, M.A., Rahimi, E., Shakerian, A. and Momtaz, H., 2021. Incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses and norovirus and rotavirus in fish and shrimp samples caught from the Persian Gulf. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia, 73(1), 169-178. doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11742
3. Atmar, R.L., Opekun, A.R., Gilger, M.A., Estes, M.K., Crawford, S.E., Neill, F.H., Ramani, S., Hill, H., Ferreira, J. and Graham, D.Y., 2014. Determination of the 50% human infectious dose for Norwalk virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 209(7), 1016-22. doi.org/ 10.1093/infdis/jit620.
4. Campos, C.J.A., Kershaw, S., Morgan, O.C. and Lees, D.N., 2017. Risk factors for norovirus contamination of shellfish water catchments in England and Wales. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 16, 318-324. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.10.028
5. Ghazali, M., Ab-Rahim, S. and Muhamad, M., 2018. A review on various attempts for in vitro propagation of human Norovirus. Biomedical Research, 29(17), 3282-3287. doi.org/10.4066
6. Hassan, E. and Baldridge, M.T., 2019. Norovirus encounters in the gut: multifaceted interactions and disease outcomes. Mucosal Immunology, 12(6), 1259-1267. doi.org/10.1038/s41385-019-0199-4
7. Hassanpour, M., Anvar, S.A.A., Pourtaghi, H. and Ghorbanzadeh, A., 2021. Molecular diagnostic methods for detection and investigation of human noroviruses-norwalk virus from Callista umbonella (Bivalvia) in the Northern Persian Gulf (Iran). Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 7(2), 179-187.
8. Hassard, F., Sharp, J.H., Taft, H., LeVay, L., Harris, H.P., McDonald, J.E., Truson, K., Wilson, J., Jones, D.L. and Malham, S.K., 2017. Critical review on the public health impact of norovirus contamination in shellfish and the environment: A UK perspective. Food and Environmental Virology, 9, 123-141. doi.org/10.1007/s12560-017-9279-3
9. Iwamoto, M., Ayers, T., Mahon, B.E. and Swerdlow, D.L., 2010. Epidemiology of seafood- associated infections in the United States. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 23, 399-411. doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00059-09
10. Jiang, X., Huang, P.W., Zhong, W.N., Farkas, T., Cubitt, D.W. and Matson, D.O., 1999. Design and evaluation of a primer pair that detects both Norwalk- and Sapporo-like caliciviruses by RT-PCR. Journal of Virological Methods, 83, 145-154. doi.org/10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00114-7
11. Le Guyader, F.S., Parnaudeau, S., Schaeffer, J., Bosch, A., Loisy, F., Pommepuy, M. and Atmar, R.L., 2009. Detection and quantification of noroviruses in shellfish. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 75(3), 618-624. doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01507-08
12. Lees, D., 2010. International standardisation of a method for detection of human pathogenic viruses in molluscan shellfish. Food and Environmental Virology, 2, 146-155.
13. Lu, Y., Ma, M., Wang, H., Wang, D., Chen, C., Jing, Q., Geng, J. Li, T., Zhang, Zh. and Yang, Zh., 2020. An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China. BMC Public Health, 20, 1-7. doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-8117-y.
14. Mattison, C.P., Cardemil, C.V. and Hall, A.J., 2018. Progress on norovirus vaccine research: public health considerations and future directions. Expert Review of Vaccines, 17, 773-784. doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2018.1510327
15. McKee, A.M. and Cruz, M.A., 2021. Microbial and viral indicators of pathogens and human health risks from recreational exposure to waters impaired by fecal contamination. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 7(2), 03121001.
16. doi.org/10.1061/JSWBAY.0000936
17. Niendorf, S., Faber, M., Tröger, A., Hackler. J. and Jacobsen, S., 2020. Diversity of Noroviruses throughout Outbreaks in Germany 2018. Viruses, 12, 1157. doi.org/10.3390/v12101157
18. Robilotti, E., Deresinski, S. and Pinsky, B.A., 2015. Norovirus. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28, 134-164. doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00075-14
19. Sharma, S., Hagbom, M., Carisson, B., Öhd, J.N., Inslander, M., Eeriksson, R., Simsson, M., Widerström, M. and Nordgren, J., 2020. Secretor status is associated with susceptibility to disease in a large GII. 6 norovirus foodborne outbreak. Food and Environmental Virology, 12, 28-34. doi.org/10.1007/s12560-019-09410-3.
Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA



XML     Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Zandi M, Pourtaghi H. Detection of Norovirus in warm water and cold-water fish culture pools. injoere 2023; 3 (1) :91-99
URL: http://injoere.com/article-1-76-en.html


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons LicenseThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons attributions (CC-BY).
Volume 3, Issue 1 (5-2023) Back to browse issues page
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Environmental Studies
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.07 seconds with 37 queries by YEKTAWEB 4645